23857122-1310-496480-0008

AERONAUTICAL SYMBOLS AERODROMES AERODROMES WITH EMERGENCY OR NO FACILITIES WATER AERODROMES WITH FACILITIES LAND WATER LAND O Landing area O Om SECTIONAL CHARTS The sectional aeronautical chart series provides complete coverage of the United States. maximum amount of cultural topographic features including important landmarks. Sectional charts are revised at six-month periods to insure that the airman has the latest information available, and are sold e An additional chart covers the Hawaiian Islands. These charts are designed primarily for piloting, which is also known as contact flying. They contain a LIGHT SIGNAL PROCEDURES FOR AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL The following procedures are used by airport traffic control towers in the control of aircraft not equipped with radio. These same procedures will be used to control aircraft equipped with radio if radio contact cannot be established. (Note: It should be understood that pilots may proceed in a conventional manner if no signals are displayed) CRUISING ALTITUDES CRUISING ALTITUDES WITHIN CONTROL AREAS AND ZONES -— During VFR conditions aircraft at altitudes of 3000 feet or more above the surface within control zones and control areas, including controlled airways, must be flown at odd or even 1000-foot levels appropriate to the direction of flight.““Odd” and “Even” indicators’ are shown on Coast and Geodetic Survey Radio Facility Charts. Under IFR conditions within control zones and control areas, including controlled airways, altitudes will be flown in accordance with ATC clearances. THE KOCH CHART FOR ALTITUDE AND TEMPERATURE EFFECTS LOSS OF AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE DURING HOT WEATHER Thin Air Reduces Lift. You get thin air at high altitudes and in hot weather. The hotter the temperature, the thinner the air. Do you realize that Kansas City Airport with an elevation of 744 feet above sea level can have an effective elevation identical to Stapleton Field, Denver, at 5325 feet above sea level, under conditions of extreme heat and low pressure? Do you realize that Brees Airport at Laramie, Wyoming, at 7273 feet above sea level, can be above the safe operational al- © Joint civil and military & Sheltered anchorage ‘apa _ppieretglo zit located at airports and principal cities throughout the United States. They may also be obtained Airport traffic control personnel use a directive traffic control signal which emits an intense narrow beam of a selected color 120 TO FIND THE EFFECT OF ALTITUDE AND TEMPERATURE WWsicureaircraté during hot weather? © S Y ing to the Director, U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Department of Commerce Building, Washington 25, D. C. (either red, white, or green) when controlling traffic by light signals. The normal range of the signal in good weather is ten The following rules will govern the altitude at which aircraft shall fly when making VFR flights along controlled civil airways: CONNECT THE TEMPERATURE AND AIRPORT ALTITUDE i s ; ; © slllieciny Tey asi i ee F Naples bite i miles in day time and fifteen miles at night and is readily discernible to the pilot of any aircraft that is visible to the controller. Ee Note: The effective elevation of Brees Airport at 86°F, for example, is 10,250 feet-Caution! ae eR 1 ei RR Gl he jor ander taos ae . oes corner is printed the date of the chart. Below this the next scheduled printing is indicated. If the Green and Red Airways and Even-numbered VOR Airways 110 BY A STRAIGHT LINE. raf iediain at hicher altitudes lowers'the efficiency of : 1 1 Wl , t elimt ; ate o! : . : . . . f saa - : , : 2 5 Ss clency of engine and propeller, and lessens a plane’s rate climb. 7pice eRCREGH EBON a ue c art is more than six months old, users are advised to check with the nations (oars of Latest Prints) on file Although the traffic signal light offers the advantage that some control may be exercised over non-radio equipped aircraft, . Eastbound flights. Aircraft shall fly at an ODD thousand-foot altitude above sea level (such as 3000, 5000, or 7000 feet). READ THE INCREASE IN TAKE-OFF DISTANCE AND THE ; Sieg toaximum rate of climb at sea level of 420 feet per cea eam ees a plane ‘ - e : & me : A typical LAND WATER with authorized agents. Charts that carry older dates than those shown in large type on this list of dates are obsolete. all pilots should be cognizant of the disadvantages which are: Westbound flights. Aircraft shall fly at an EVEN thousand-foot altitude above sea level (such as 4000, 6000, or 8000, feet) 100 READ - Bee Sly 225 fect per minuta ove 2' | P as its maximum rate of climb at 5,000 feet HARMON 18 Elevation in feet 00 Elevation in feet : , cS : : gee mee DECREASE IN RATE OF CLIMB FROM STANDARD SEA : ie ; ; Api L Minimum lighting L Minimum lighting NAS ANACOSTIA 1. The pilot may not be looking at the control tower at the time a signal is directed toward him. Amber and Blue Airways and Odd-numbered VOR Airways LEVEL VALUES HERE ' This plane might be able to clear a 400 foot hill or factory stack located a few miles from a sea level airport, but if the pilot GCA SYSTEM Hard surfaced runway S Normally sheltered Oo LS 62 : ‘ . 00 feet 90 tried it at 5,000 feet, he would smack right into the middle of the obstruction. 278 126.18 46 Length of longest runway take-off area 2870 == oT he dircetonee fied beva liohtaignal ivaitsd'et 1 eke ina aioe = Northbound flights. Aircraft shall fly at an ODD thousand-foot altitude above sea level (such as 3000, 5000, or 7000 feet). ; in hundreds of feet 62 Length of longest runway sop UNITED STATES SECTIONAL AERONAUTICAL CHARTS : e irections transmit ed by a light signal are very limite GUC only ane denn or isapProval of a pilot’s anticipated Southbound flights. Aircraft shall fly at an EVEN thousand-foot altitude above sea level (such as 4000, 6000, or 8000 feet). Remember: Any increase in operating altitude (due to elevation or high temperature) greatly increases 278 126.18 2870 Control tower transmitting frequencies in hundreds of feet > t actions may be transmitted. No supplementary or explanatory information may be transmitted except by the use of 80 take-off and landing roll. When information is lacking, the respective character will be replaced by a dash a Aha ¥ oad 4 the ‘‘General Warning Signal” which advises the pilot to be on the alert. The following rules will apply on segments where color airways and VOR airways overlap: D6 u 100% yy : ae r X . 3 i . kK ee AIR NAVIGATION LIGHTS an, - ey Signals from a portable traffic control light shall mean the following: Where a color airway coincides with a VOR airway, the ODD or EVEN rule for the appropriate color airway will apply. ri 70 ee ROIs Mle ee 9 a ee ee Ghar Ea peat Where no color airway is involved and an Even-numbered and an Odd-numbered VOR airway coincide, the ODD or EVEN z aaa eu Rotating light (With flashing code) — — — _ —=** 4x 0 set ea Ae as eae Color and Type of Signal On the Ground In Flight altitude rule for the Even-numbered VOR airway will apply. e 60 BECRERES ogy Rotating light (With course lights) — — — 17, wt. Marine light_________ _ __ —~———® vie ba peae “bh BURLINGT' ee ’ < IN RATE OF -- Rlashbingiieht 2 2 eee Lishtchi eet’ ae oS! win Gres erent earl” Hayne wr xt f ‘, ; STEADY GREEN Cleared for take-off Cleared to land CLIMB Bis FI nih a, randy 9] omnes | cub” ot * (lab \. 50 . SEA LEVEL ‘6 ‘\ ys fixe: L-flashing Occ-occulting Alt-alternating Gp- R-red W-whi -gre' F (u)- i r a Bes CR ee ee ; “ i : Patera cc rT we i \ Hehe, ebnedtapa a ca oe pest ae zie falc a ce eretes: FED aah sec-second >, ats ze oe MA WAUKEE re FLASHING GREEN Cleared to taxi pat for landing (to be followed by CRUISING ALTITUDES OUTSIDE CONTROL AREAS AND ZONES--When the flight visibility is less than ie 90 bo 19 6 a eg \ ( RADIO FACILITIES 3 == SIOUX orb ee oy ak b steady green at proper time) three miles, aircraft must be flown at an altitude appropriate to the magnetic course as illustrated below. w ye 2 ul / ) “4 ENT SN we A 5 5 F b— 3 i Use of the word ‘‘Radio’”’ within the box indicates voice facilities re a ey se Era cHicaco : STEADY RED Stop Give way to other aircraft and con- Wu = = —— Va a “a 250 is E __DES MOINES / ‘ : ' . Baas B = \ oe All radio facility data are printed in blue with the exception of certain LF/MF facilities such % ces ‘alee . tinue circling ec 260 80 Lon 3 5 ie ‘ ‘i ( as tower frequencies, radio d ted ai , which i i F Sees, te F ji A F zs. ~ : ; Caer e en sama ce Memes cucu ag ccOUnveg LUT aeons a BANSAS CITY Chas ° FLASHING RED Taxi clear of landing area (runway) in Airport unsafe-do not land = © 200 E e ~ / i WOODY RA Pe — ae ae ‘s \----A. \se use fe ieee ron il leant © Radio broadcasting station o——_+ er oe oo ATMS Sy Nc Fe Te ee eae ae HL ) 8 : a. = tal 2}2) UME) MA SITS heh 19) Te 140 ae 8 ob —— Be eo ee -- Eosioy oy R FLASHING WHITE Returnaton starting point, onualrport ||). Assit a ee S20 YOUR NORMAL TAKE-OFF DISTANCE ae pe ear : a 38 i Es l= Marine radiobeacon eae Radiobeacon , nondirectional BEDFORD ARADIO 3 OKLAHOMA cae lateness a emen . | ALTERNATING General Warning Signal - Exercise Extreme Caution. EVEN THOUSANDS ODD THOUSANDS S ee zi bi (Without voice) 10m-20m & 30m-49m ; i . 522 DBH he aS nn Cae ; i = ; =, — iH (homing) (With voice) 20° e y Pou a\ AVANNAH i RED & GREEN (PLUS 500) fe 10 60 6 <= RACON: cs “g DALLAS ‘SHREVEPORT BIRMINGHAM _y Sane 4 ° 40 Ee w 5 Radar beacon O—————{9310 mc 2-2-1] Radio communication station ¢ GOWEN RADIO 2 5 ia ——— aie $) a = m < (with voice) 278 ENE ‘ re JACKSONVILLE " 4 0 20 = 2 3 Cage AusTi BEAUMONTY- i fala é — ( NEWTON saat Fan perkee peacons Sane = Bi pl, —hedee ‘Qiong SAN ron r EVEN THOUSANDS ODD THOUSANDS. es 0 — + ig 2 Non- Iso! 1 iP seen, ae cl ORE ae AURAL RANGE det R10" ured: ° (PLUS 500) 0 z= & a othe , 4 r) ae > yg =10 Wl 270 rs Spe ry ‘ FX 2 | HARVEY (bearings are magnetic at the station) tons Sane (| pe ee aM LEO sIEC : ’ ¥ : fonkaty hittin WO ee , x os, TRAFFIC PATTERN INDICATED BY SEGMENTED CIRCLE tan cones 1500 1750_ 2000 2250 (FORNEY EASTON 4 U ee Se ae Did = ATMOSPHERIC DENSITY AT SEA LEVEL ENABLES A PLANE TO TAKE OFF IN A RELATIVELY SHORT DISTANCE -— 0 VAR VHF FOUR-COURSE VISUAL-AURAL RADIO RANGE (VAR) EXAMPLE: The diagonal line shows that 230% must i [waza came. -——o The Blue and Yellow Visual Sectors are indicated by a B and Y; the Aural Sectors by A and N MAGNETIC COURSES -30 be added for a temperature of 100° and a pressure fs aioe. oe Letter preceding frequency in box indicates channel je altitude of 6,000 feet. Therefore, if your standard eS -2 = (illustration applies only to flight outside of control areas and control zones,.including uncontrolled airways) temperature sea level take-off distance, in order to cae on , ne climb to 50 feet, normally requires 1,000 feet of re ; 40 runway, it would become 3,300 feet under the con- 5000 FOOT ELEVA 7/ON : VHF OMNI-DIRECTIONAL RADIO RANGE (VOR) ADDITIONAL AERONAUTICAL CHARTS PUBLISHED AND PRINTED BY VISUAL FLIGHT PLAN ditions shown. In addition, the rate of climb would Jeo ee TRAFFIC PATTERN INDICATOR . 6 ; a P oa . be decreased 76%. Also, if your normal sea level Pe - aS ae : : THE U. S. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY ; N The Civil Air Regulations do not require that a VFR flight plan be filed for a VFR flight. However, the filing of such a flight Bet PEI ENG OO TeaL Borrninute, Ic wouldibeccine ; - cy The VHF lomnl-d)rectionalipangesprovides) visual sacs SEU A iad A LANDING STRIP INDICATOR plan is desirable, and the CAA urges that VFR flights be covered by flight plan whenever practicable as such filing materially 120 feet per minute. s selected radial from the station out to a distance of approximately 50 miles eo paning Cutie ane eae cee Tie’ eootnea assists in search and rescue operations if such action becomes necessary. Flight plans may be submitted to the nearest CAA when flying at the minimum instrument altitude. These ranges operate in SOs) EI 00g a A ° . A : . s BAe, ns a j ead . ‘ ; e 2 the frequencies between 112 and 118 megacycles and require a special omni Aircraft Position Charts 3071 North Atlantic 1:5,000,000 j oo on. Ce ee citi neues pee te ‘s i begiedite ni: Ng aoe Ii Mo;othen Meare ate This chart indicates typical representative values for “personal” airplanes. a CHICAGO RADIO range type receiver to make use of the navigational features. Also provided an 3073 Caribbean Sea ae ; 1:5,000,000 | oS Y% available Du 1s pra 1°) pos g S. Ronexacienlcatcoren shrcdaenrolwneniiehereantall —X¢ {113.0 CoT are si voice and 3-letter (coded) identification. In Route Charts Show eae Me has partes ee selected 1:2,000,000 ' a © If filing the flight plan, the pilot should state the name of the CAA communications station with which he will close his flight The chart may be conservative for airplanes with supercharged engines. operation, the pilot selects a course by setting the pointer on a course or radial ean ee elena eres! age Tandlley Cues ' Q % lan. If the destination is not served by a CAA communications station, or is in Canada or Mexico, the method by which the Al ber that 1 ‘a : selector to the desired magnetic bearing and then flies that course by refer- Direction Finding Charts Six charts cover the United States 1:2,000,000 G a plan. t } rie 4 a pots on aineiAeeeeeie Also remember that long grass, sand, mud or deep snow can easily double Brcalninictoreincliteninenaimenn World Aeronautical Charts Forty-three charts cover the United States 1:1,000,000 Q in} arrival report will be filed must be clearly understoo ya 1 concerned. ig t plans are transmi ted via u Woe Gelaeai Ulises. : Flight Charts Thirty-seven charts cover the principal air 1:1,000,000 Oo => F tions facilities only to the CAA communications station with which the pilot has stated his arrival report or closing of Besrines areristnctic ate station. Be routes of the United States (a 0 flight plan will be filed. One hour after the estimated time of arrival, if no notice of arrival is received, queries are sent out over Radius of circle is 15 nautical miles. Xe, Local Charts Designed to provide additional landmark 1:250,000 % Ll) LESS iG) CAA communications systems to determine the location of the aircraft. If no information concerning the aircraft is obtained % information and topographic detail for 9 g after an exhaustive communications inquiry, search and rescue operations are inaugurated. In as much as the government A h and rea NSE PE df iS ea may be put to considerable expense in determining the location of aircraft when an arrival report is not filed, it is vitally Instrument Approach and ore than 475 charts designed for use in man- Approach 1:250,000 &, | i k in that notice of arrival is filed. If flight is terminated prior to reaching the point of intend- ; MISCELLANEOUS Landing Charts uals with Radio Facility Charts Landing 1:31,680 San, oe Lae ieee ou a ne fig :, — 1 : a eo <9 % mee a t GAA fi ti t: ion ia the request that : | : Isogonic line — — — — — — 8°F —— Restricted areas are numbered, and are Uncontrolled airway tastleeccet ance Similar to Instrument Approach and Landing Approach 1:250,000 ooo | ed destination specified in the flight plan, pi ots s ould contact the nearest C communications s| a ‘ eq 3 (Values for 1950) indicated on the charts as follows: System Charts charts but printed in Pinck andubalitene ae Waning 1:75:00 an arrival report be transmitted over CAA facilities to the CAA communications station with which the pilot stated the arrival 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 Mooring mast = a ae Te Prohibited area ZZ eonkrelles stead of color. Show very little detail. 1:90,000 | report would be filed. ' —~ (AR-78) = \ M Control zone Airport Obstruction Plans Show runways and selected aerodrome information 1:12,000 } i‘ é arin é | . . h Se a ee A a ata EN cae Le all Prominent tr line ; T. panne twarnincares 4 4 and objects in the vicinity that may be hazards Safe flying requires that a pilot know the traffic pattern for the airport when landing or taking off. The segmented } Pilots of aircraft operating on VFR flight plan who desire to iil flight progress reports, should include in the report the ene es ae ee a es (D-32) (W-46) Cee ft a | to air traffic. circle marker, illustrated above, furnishes the pilot this information. When traffic pattern indicators are used phrase: “VFR FLIGHT PLAN FROM (blank) TO (blank). Win eralei Me cle evation ebovd belileveliottce) Renee : ; Reh ae Radio Facility Charts Sixty-five charts of the U. S. show all radio fa- 1:2,000,000 with the circle marker, they tell the pilot to make his turn in the direction in which the indicators point. If the ‘ : ; 4 a ie: ; * oso" aCe5a) SIGE V/ po Blue tint indicates air cilities, airways and other information nec- i traffic pattern indicators are not used, the pilot will know that the normal left-hand pattern iia followed. The flight plan shall contain the temas fps undue e ENT pam it ee 2 Be dvaiy aie Papas laos 0 aetatilc controllscarees essary for instrument flying. For additional information see TSO-N5, copies of which are available from Office of Aviation Information, A-258, Airport” and except that 2 ame ae ae ae aac pipe: i vee ae ve agen! cakes aa a Len . . | rp a) 5 raat . Cen C.A.A., Department of Commerce, Washington 25, D.C. : term in lieu of an actual altitude indicates that the pilot intends to fly in accordance wl isual Flig ules. ircraft may 5 : | 4 e catalog ‘giving a complete list and description of he VaneH sg ; ‘ . i . be operated in Accordance with VFR above a well defined cloud or other formation provided, climb to and descent from such ‘ : , | i , 4/11/51 : c “on top” flight can also be made in accordance with VFR. 714652 ; 2 i | “, . * ' \ ’ Mt ‘ ” . ' AERODROMES - AROOSTOOK SECTIONAL CHART PILOTS GUIDE FOR COMMUNICATING WITH AIRWAY STATIONS SEARCH AND RESCUE NAUTICAL MILES AIR DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION ZONES (ADIZ) V.H.F. OMNI-RANGE (VOR) FACILITIES PILOTS - never hesitate to use your radio. Remember that talking by radio is almost the same as talking on your home Search and Rescue Service is a life saving service provided threugh the combined efforts of the CAA, Air Force, and Coast : R ; : i a ‘ ‘ ’ ‘ ; ; ING H TO SEVEN ISLANDS Sz ern eel RUNWAYS telephone. " Se ee ae : Guard who are assisted by other organizations such as the Civil Air Patrol, Sheriffs Air Patrol, State Police, and such other For convenience in converting distances expressed in statute miles to their equivalents in nautical miles, and vice versa, the KARHRNAS erek Baie Comeau 57 Reus The V.LF i ees A Pe : soleiuite)s able POSITION _| TYPE |ELEV.| (OCTANE) |REPAIRS| NO,|LONGEST plCHS REMARKS The following are typical examples of two-ws ane reer : agencies as may be available. It provides search, survival aid, and rescue of personnel of missing or crashed aircraft. table below has been prepared. The United States nautical mile has been used for the table. Tate WN | a ie oe eae eta wihin the} 12-118 megacyele band. "In this band it is relatively free from atmospheric and Cadboa Maine | Caribou Mums raw {Mun bs bao >135008 g yp’ >xamples wo-way communication with airway stations. : a er eee Se ; : : : | ae ae ZAWONT JOU! K] precipitation static and interference from other radio stations. Furthermore, it is not limited to four courses as is the A-N Ghesuncook, Maine 0] Chamberlain Farm ea|aec1460°107 (oor: 945 ul Nemene Io | Ualin Beach, floats. IDENTIFICATION OF AIRWAY STATIONS: CAA Airway Communications Stations are identified by the name of the H all “a ey ini tht ‘uabl nat The United States nautical mile is defined as equal to one-sixtieth of a degree (one minute) of a great circle on a sphere whose > Se ca | phe eas 2 range, but provides definite guidance on any course, to or from the station, the pilot may select. That is why it is called the SPB | Seapl. Teves catiange station followed by the word “RADIO”. Mek nee : ‘© remem. re o obtain is valuable Dr ieeu on is: surface is equal to the surface of the earth. The value of a nautical mile is calculated on this basis as 1853.25 meters or 6080.20 3 EARITONT | 3 aaa g Omni (Directional) Range. At minimum instrument altitudes the VOR gives reliable indications up to about 50 statute | Skis only winters. Example: “CLEVELAND RADIO” 1. File a Flight Plan with a CAA Airway Communications Station in person or by telephone or radio. feet. Since the common or statute mile is equal to 5280 feet, one nautical mile equals approximately 1.152 statute miles, and : i La Tuque © 2 CHATHAM miles (43 nautical miles), depending on enroute terrain. Chesuncook, Maine | Nugent Chamberlain | 46°13’-69°15' | Com. | 945 | Unlim. ~ | Floats. Fuel in ‘ ; ‘ . one statute mile equals approximately 0.868 nautical mile. For quick calculation the nautical mile may be considered approx- Gl Le Ura SYDNEY" I + - P ae Ley Seay : ee . ake Camps SP Seapl. ay griern Ooty ara IDENTIFICATION OF AIRCRAFT: Your aircraft is identified by the make of aircraft followed by the certificate number 2. File an Arrival Report. imately one-seventh longer than the statute mile, and the statute mile approximately one-eighth shorter than the nautical SAULT STEAES \ pes d NOR H BAY eee 7 UEBEC [resave ile ‘ecoriprow Pteeencar) Bins ae be es eer, sco eid tes tk ho or of: Soon ee a Clayton Lake, Maine |Churchill Lake __[46°29’-69°17'_|Com. | 924 Unlim. Ramp, pier, buoy. and letter suffix, if any. : 8. If you land at a location other than intended destination, report the landing to the nearest CAA Communications mile. cae y/, (s SS ay . Ye 1ste oc Ze US Is DAD), UROL gee Ae aed 3 AE! -aural range (VAR) and the ILS localizer. The vertical needle of this in- Camps SP’ Seapl. Irregatengeue Example: “STINSON ONE THREE SIX FIVE”. i Station. : pete 2 ; ; : : : : TRAVERSE CITY EASTERN CADIZ ILLINOCKET Fe RICTO KS era tells the pilot whether he is right or left of the desired course. The second is an Omni-bearing Selector, manually oper- Skis only winters. “STINSON ONE THREE SIX FIVE-Y”. ! boi ; In the lower margins of the sectional charts is provided a convenient conversion scale by which values in statute miles may yER DIZ 2 d i are ie Kees Ls ote ated by the rotation of a small knob, by which the pilot selects the course he desires to fly. When the cross-pointer needle is Gross Point, Que. [Cross Point [48°01'-66°41"__|Seapl. | 00 | Avail. | 5280 Buoys, priv. docks Eb Be ele cri ctidiay avation: ; Apel you land enroute and are delayed more than an hour, report this information to the nearest communications be readily converted to nautical miles and vice versa. Distances expressed in either unit may thus be scaled directly on the a htt an hoe OTTAWA eT <L | ZS . chee ad centered, the omni-bearing selector indicates the magnetic bearing of the aircraft either to or from the station. The third is a Ft. Fairfield, Maine |P & M Flying Service [46°46’-67°51"_|Com. | 470 | 80 | sa Bese oes ra pec re ae ae IS - STINSON ONE SIE et station. charts. of pt) BOUNDARY ip? BANGOR PP ei-39 AA Ee “TO-FROM” indicator which shows whether the bearing indicated by the Omni-bearing Selector is from or to the station Ft. Kent, Maine “|Ft. Kent Mun. —_—*([47°12'-68°35" 2000 _ Sa AEA “ ® an govis a : : : ee : - os s \| ic H 66°45" “TCO- 9 : Hens $ is ‘ ai: r PORE Maine ee oq i Senne Gaution diittwacdl After communication has been established, an abbreviated form of identification may be used , if desired, using the 5. Remember that if you fail to report within one hour after your E.T.A., a search will be started to locate you. If The length of one minute of latitude measured along a meridian on the surface of the earth at latitude 48°15’ is equal to a CANANC ee Zn i eal | Furthermore, the TO-FROM needle can tell a flier when his aircraft is too far from the VOR or is otherwise receiving a weak aa re es L : Clad. fntere: last three units of the certificate number only. you fail to report within three hours after your E.T.A., the full facilities of the Seareh and Rescue Service will be United States nautical mile. North or south of 48°15’ the length of a minute is slightly longer or shorter, since the earth is IP 8 aR mappa Ch BANGORMADIZ_| [PORTLAND signal. In this case the needle points to a red sector instead of TO or FROM, ia Grand Fats — a 50077 sar se Slne001 a (Majon | Seu Rnwysproried ai = The airway station will normally answer on the radio range or radiobeacon frequency. If reply is desired on other than the activated. not a perfect sphere. However, for practical purposes, the nautical mile is considered equivalent to a minute of latitude at ID LANSING, LONDON Sy SYRACUSE ONCORDYK/ . In operation, the pilot selects a course by adjusting the omni-bearing selector to the desired magnetic bearing, and then main- sland Falls, Maine Island Falls SPB_|46°01'-68°14" | 430 | 1 {5000 | Dock, float. Ctn.: radio range or radiobeacon frequency, pilots should indicate the frequency on which the station reply is expected. : 4 é any point on the earth’s surface. | Therefore, the one-minute subdivisions of the meridian lines on the face of charts may Q Nv Sgn BUFFALO tes MIE} XJ NEW Y° tains it by keeping the cross-pointer needle centered. If the aircraft is correctly aligned with the TO-FROM indications, when Seapl. paeriaie = Example: “CLEVELAND RADIO - THIS IS - STINSON ONE THREE SIX FIVE - REPLY ON ONE ELEVEN Saea 4 aa ee LM Le ete and on numerous oceasions the lives of other pilots are sacrificed when also be used for scaling distances. Wo» Ew KY ———ZA q ins (_BEBAN eal ‘4 the needle swings to the right, for example, it indicates that the course selected lies to the right. ——— —o aes eraw tee bans | —ta000 Skis only winters. POINT ONE MEGACYCLES - OVER”. searching for lost or overdue pilots. SO, FI ARRIVAL REPORT! The knot is a unit of speed only. One knot is equal to one nautical mile per hour; as, when an aircraft is travelling 200 nau- ne pears — BZ —_ ELMIRA ’O <> 7 scab SS} f For CxS eee is due south of a VOR station. If its pilot desires to fly to the station, he sets the omni-bearing selector Patten, Maine Shin Pond SPB 146°06’-68°34" |Com. | 780 | 80 4 [5000 Floats, haulout. Ctn. After the airway station has answered your call, proceed with your message without further call up other than preceding the tical miles per hour, its speed is 200 knots. >. SralEpRS tA, A VA iis | 1 to indicate 0°. _ The TO-FROM anal Caton will aye point tothe word "10", ‘Ae tha ainéraft pads ovat tha Hakion wid Seapl. rine Shae inlet & message with the aircraft identification. Your message may consist of your position report, a request for weather data or GROUND TO AIR EMERGENCY CODE DISTR FORT WAYNE wee oe Ses Se Ae oNANTUCKET TO-FROM indicator will point to the word “FROM”. If a turn of 180° is made north of the station, although the vertical cece EO saree be | | | Skis onty winters. other information that may be required to assist you to your destination. ESS SIGNALS AY) Suc ee Sa canes ot el cross-pointer needle will again become centered, the “TO-FROM” indicator will still point to “FROM”. The pilot, however, Portage Lake, Maite /Panege Sos BE" it ot eek a re Skis only winters. Example: “STINSON ONE THREE SIX FIVE - OVER CLEVELAND AT ELEVEN TWENTY - FOUR THOU- war ae Hee a es arTone —egeeMBsy ZA ARN, ook aon will now find that he must fly “Away from the needle” to stay on course. This shows him that the “"TO-FROM” indicator is Portage Lake, Maine |Portage LakeSPB |46°46’-68°29’ | Mun. | 609 x 2 [5000 | Floats, pier, beach, SAND FEET ON VFR FLIGHT PLAN FROM YOUNGSTOWN TO TOLEDO - WHAT IS THE WEA- WS es ee a l BATTERY /AND,RADIO/——— H REQUIRE FUEL AND OIL —____ | 4/2 J (Z [2 HARRISBURG “gAIY incorrect. So, the pilot now rotates his omni-bearing selector to 180 . After he has done this, the ‘‘TO-FROM” indicator shifts (Mun) Seapl. Une renee ae THER AT TOLEDO - OVER”. REQUIRE MEDICAL SUPPLIES _ | | INDICATE DIRECTION TO PROCEED — — a NOME 2 eo eee LL CONVERSION TABLES ; “2 CINCINNATI 7 ¢ 1), iN oy to the “TO” position, and flying Toward the needle” will keep him on course. Quebec, Que. ero jae i46°48’-71°23' | D.0.T. | 235 ae 3 |3370H |Rnwy., approach If you are flying VFR, a position report is not required, however, it is to your advantage that the stations along your route UNABLE TO PROCEED — _ ___ __ x AM PROCEEDING IN THIS DIRECTION — _ 4 NOR eee N STATUTE MILES TO NAUTICAL MILES NAUTICAL MILES TO STATUTE MILES Atl J (SG j TC AM a SY ISiiCome| (interes ial SCC ome nana 46°03'-70°32" + 1850 | 80,91 (Minor |2 [2150 of flight know your position at all times in order that assistance can be rendered should you encounter difficulty. | REQUIRE FOOD AND WATER ___ rina LSA ae Ea [> erage Saas Y Tae @fARLESTON AZ Ae ioe eal aS es Se nee Flight plans may be filed while in flight, with a CAA Airway Communications Station, if your departure was from an airport REQUIRE FIREARMS AND STATUTE NAUTICAL FEET STATUTE NAUTICAL NAUTICAL STATUTE FEET NAUTICAL STATUTE \ i (og ewe cep oop Evan Bhs ee) ay [iace not served by guckvatstation = qt oe en ee ee ye ea CUS PA MAGRE ore Lod. NOT UNGenaTedy an tame ye MILES MILES MILES MILES MILES MILES MILES MILES >» ©, Bu) amps . o mes) ee 10" opm’ |Priv |h cae Gere > 5 peas : ; ‘ : REQUIRE MAP AND COMPASS — — PROBABLY SAFE TO LAND HERE — — — KNOXVILL! EG \ ue purse Mai a sha Cae ea Fry. mt Sd ee Aft) _ a nice Ga The word “ROGER” is used to acknowledge receipt of a message. { o IF IN, DOUBT, USE INTERNATIONAL a Oeggee) | Se Geto carne WW 0.1 0.087 528 100 86.8 0.1 0.115 608.0 100 115.2 Bates ‘al ‘a < TABLE OF Wala ke RECEPTION DISTANCES E ca Bigs | Yok, haa Beapl.| fad Skis only winters. The word “OUT” ja used when a-conveteation is éndled and'ny responne is expected. “Teme te |” sos 0.2 0.174 1056 110 95.5 0.2 0.230 1216.0 110 126.7 rae s Os ~ Winterville, Maine {Northland Airways [46°57’-68°37' |Com. | 581 | 80 Minor |2 |13200 Buoyed epee : eam nlee “STINSON ONE THREE SIX FIVE - ROGER, OUT”. 0.3 0.261 1584 120 104.2 0.3 0.345 1824.1 120 188.2 A 4° With the increasing use of VHF and UHF frequencies for communication and navigation it appears desirable to publicize the i See Sean ooo cur 4 ; : open A 0.4 0.347 2112 180 112.9 0.4 0.461 2432.1 130 149.7 \e GS reception distances for these frequencies. They, therefore, are tabulated below: Fuel octane ratings listed by number are those available to civil aircraft, unless otherwise noted. The words “SAY AGAIN” are used if a message was not understood and a repetition is desired. INSTRUCTIONS: 0.5 0.434 2640 140 121.6 0.5 0.576 3040.1 140 161.2 1®) Military fuel is listed by letter code indicating octane rati follows: A+: 115/145, A: 100/180, B:91/98, C:73 or 80, J: JP-1, 3. a i pice F : . ‘ ; ; 5 5 r The bore listing donb noetnetade Air Poke aeioaiises. pee as th ne q : a vi ike: ST nei se net occa gait aa Rs te ad cree Sasguar tape 1. Lay out symbols by using strips of fabric or parachutes, pieces of wood; stones, or any available material. ne Nee ae ~ ate i cen a - ae & Feet Above Ground Reception Distance** pels tetaet he oo tees aay eee ; xamples: ‘ 9, - ; DR : ‘ F R 5 F ; : My ais ; . : Joint civil and military operation; Air spares apt fi Wee ED pis sted. : ro C “STINSON ONE THREE SIX FIVE - STAND BY”. 2. Provide as much color contrast as possible between material used for symbols and background against which sym- 0.8 0.695 4224 170 147.6 0.8 0.921 4864.2 170 195.8 oKTLANTA oe a saps Gracitenbt ice Nautical Miles Consult the latest Airman’s Guide for changes in data subsequent to date of chart. es bols are exposed. 0.9 0.782 4752 180 156.3 0.9 1.036 5472.2 180 207.8 b et ay io a0 25 8. Symbols should be at least 10 feet high or larger,if possible. Care should be taken to lay out symbols exactl 1.0 0,868 B20 vey poe 1.0 1.162 6080.2 190 218.8 ae 6 3 " wi oj A A : : y as \ 3,000 7 BNROUTE sh oe cee ceaahvan : a : shown to avoid confusion with other symbols. 200 173.7 200 230.3 Heal d 5.000 sd Ny All airway communications stations are ready to provide pilots with enroute flight information or aa ‘ : ; : 2 1.74 210 182.4 2 2.30 210 241.8 \\ oe wy 100 85 assistance at any time. You may call any CAA RADIO for latest weather along your route of flight, 4. In addition to using symbols, every effort is to be made to attract attention by means of radio, flares, smoke, or 3 2.61 220 191.0 3 3.45 220 253.3 nie é BERMUDA 10,000 140 120 upper wind velocities, airport conditions, and other flight information. If you become lost or uncer- other available means. 4 3.47 230 199.7 ii 4.61 230 264.9 ‘ALBANY 4 a3 srg 175 150 . ; ;. 7 + . . : . rc y. 2 5 tain of your position, call any CAA RADIO. Personnel at CAA airway communications stations are 5. When ground is covered with snow, signals can be made by dragging, shoveling or tramping the snow. The de- 5 4.34 '240 208.4 (3) 5.76 240 276.4 : 20,000 ae 200 175 trained to assist pilots in establishing position by any of the following methods: (a) Visual reference to pressed areas forming the symbols will appear to be black from the air. 6 5.21 250 217.1 6 6.91 250 287.9 — TO_ JACKSONVILLE TOW PALM BESCTL *No physical obstruction intervening. i ¢ 3; dio re ientation; VHF omni-range indications (triangu- 4 A : f 5. 5 **Based on zero elevation of the facility. (Dis S ; 5 mi pith 5 eile, tats, eT, aan : ie: eg ART seiaoiedne essere ec ne ee ae amie é tae cn ai : : ae a fas United S 1 have been designated as Air Defense Identification Zones (ADIZ) by the Adminis- vii ieee ee Ee ‘ ls A : In the United States several areas have been designa . : . eae If you are using a F transmitter, remember that its effective range increases with your altitud M EMERGENCY SIGNALS : ta a abe : mone 280 322.4 trator of Civil Aeronautics in the interest of national security. All aircraft ea a A Oe aid a a station unless you are within “line of sight’’. : pe ae, ah eo ona VISUAL EM 10 8.68 290 251.8 10 11.52 290 334.0 sired to file flight plans, except aircraft entering from within the Continental Limits of the United States or operating within RADIOTELEGRAPH CODE AND PHONETIC ALPHABETS 11 9.55 300 260.5 1 12.67 300 345.5 ee tis ane sania Los eee Albuquerque, Knoxville, Great Falls, Minneapolis, Traverse City, and Bangor Zones, at U.S. INTL be jal oie ae UnceNT mers 6) eae 12 10.42 a 260.2 12 13.82 310 357.0 altitudes of less than 4000 feet above the immediate terrain. Any person who knowingly or willfully fails to do so is subject to : (ICAO) (ICAO) (ICAO) erect eles ee AEM tae ihoKe £ 18 11,29 B20 277.9 13 14.97 320 368.5 penalties of one year in prison or $10,000 fine. The Air Defense Identification Zones are identified as follows: Seattle ADIZ, NECTAR O—ZEE-ROH ZE-RO DO NOT WAIT CAN PROCEED SHORTLY ~ ee een Spee 14 12.16 330 286.6 14 16.12 330 380.0 San Francisco ADIZ, Los Angeles ADIZ, Atlantic ADIZ, Pacific ADIZ, Albuquerque ADIZ, Knoxville ADIZ,Great Falls A—ABLE ALFA —_ N—NAN —_e - = oe oe oe es € riled 15 13.08 340 295.3 15 LOA 340 391.5 ADIZ, Minneapolis ADIZ, Traverse City ADIZ, Bangor ADIZ, Mexican Boundary ADIZ, and Canadian Boundary ADIZ. U.S. WEATHER BROADCASTS AND TRANSMISSIONS BSBARER BRAVO bam Oa OBOE CHEAT im eh d: a aaa ses ae 16 Te Bay 808.9 16 18.42 350 403.0 These areas are indicated on the face of Aeronautical Charts and are so labeled. For additional information see Civil Air Regu- LONG DI r pre 1 eg adi art eee é : vet C—CHARLIE COCA —eome P—PETER PAPA omame 2—TOO TOO oo om oe oH spe Ss ai a nen a no mee Prt. 020. been d d by the Director of Air Services, D ti t * Ce oed.act one ee me orbs — nba on the range or radio beacon fre- . fete . ’ i i ification Z CADIZ) have been designated by the Director of Air se s, Departmen quencies : a } s y ormation at 15 and 45 minutes past each hour. The 15-mi 3 past-the- D—DOG DELTA mee Q-—QUEEN QUEBEC mm ame oe 3—THU-REE TREE ocean LIE PRONE WAVE ONE ARM OVERHEAD ONE ARM HORIZONTAL BOTH ARMS HORIZONTAL BOTH ARMS WAVED ACROSS FACE 19 16.50 380 - 330.0 19 21.88 380 437.6 a Sayer ak ies Sent bate or muce'above tha imnlediate-terrall iam jouiiead to tour brosdeast js an: Hatem ele ened iubia gi tsi Suis weet MN eels. boosted i sree rend . _ E-EASY ECHO é R—-ROGER ROMEO = em A—FO-WER: 7 7FOW-er ono ue MN ee oa 20 HAS pls he a ae a oat file flight plans. The Canadian Air Defense Identification Zones are identified as the Eastern CADIZ and the Western CADIZ. approximately 400 statute miles (350 nautical miles) of the station. The 45-minutes-past-the-hour broadcast is an “area” F—FOX FOXTROTaeeeete S-SUGAR SIERRA ae 5—FI-YIV FIFE one LAND HERE NEGATIVE (No) 6) ionic 30 26.05 ee ae 30 34.55 “a as They are also indicated on the face of aeronautical charts and are so labeled. brogticast commie 01 eS ee eee oe crea aren of theystatidt, G—GEORGE GOLF —_ane T—TARE TANGO ~- 6—SIKS SIX emecce OUR RECEIVER IS (ves) 40 34.74 500 434.2 40 46.06 500 Rae 12-12-51 The broadcast consists of the local weather report and the latest available surface reports from other locations. Reports more 7—SEV-VEN SEV. OPERATING & eee 50 43.42 600 521.0 50 5. 9 , : than one hour old are not broadcast. Local winds aloft are broadcast 4 times after the broadcasts at 6:15 and 12:15 A.M., and H—HOW HOTEL coos U—UNCLE UNION ccm — 2 -en = amece USE DROP MESSAGE een. ‘ . vs bs 7b ey a sa oe ct P.M., E.S.T. The velocities of winds aloft are broadcast in knots. ’ — e _—" Vv R 8—ATE AIT —_ mmee : ; : : . ‘ . : . |—ITEM INDIA ° V—VICTOR ICTO coom - 70 60.79 800 694.7 70 80.61 800 921.2 At selected stations the Weather Bureau provides a local terminal forecast covering the next two hours. This forecast is broad- J—JIG SULIETT © come oe om W—WILLIAM WHISKEY oom om 9—NI-YEN NIN-@r cm ee cos om o 80 69.47 900 781.6 80 92.12 900 1036.4 cast, when available, immediately following the local weather report. BOTH ARMS ORR AE OLeb MAKE THROWING MOTION CUP HANDS OVER EARS WHITE CLOTH WAVED HORIZONTALLY] WHITE CLOTH WAVED VERTICALLY i 0 . jal s a i ‘ vs K—KING KILO <a. X—XRAY EXTRA tence TALLY, SUA Pee tule 90 78.16 000 868.4 90 103.64 1000 1151.6 Pilots enroute are requested to avoid, if possible, calling airway communications stations at or about 15 and 45 minutes past L—LOVE LIMA omnes Y—YOKE YANKEE om o oom oom HOW TO USE THEM 6\16|s2 the raat Sis) eo a scheduled broadcast times) to request weather information, as such calls may delay starting of a + + M—MIKE METRO = Z—ZEBRA ZULU ames i PICK US UP - hes shh tetccdel ae Ta Aa bial pb scheduled broadcasts and cause inconvenience to other persons who are dependent on the broadcasts for weather reports. ; h BANDONED . USTRATED * The US phonetic alphabet (Able, Baker, Charlie etc.) has been supplanted by the International (ICAO) phonetic pn ON THIS PAGE CAN BE USED TO TRANSMIT MESSAGES TO HIM AS HE U. S. DANGER AREAS ON AROOSTOOK SECTIONAL CHART ccoe alphabet at all CAA communication stations as of April 1, 1952. However, the US phonetic alphabet will continue to be spend . shay hae ac wereupaaies n shat NO. : 5 . FROM THE AIR, I used upon request at the stations. } AFFIRMATIVE (YES) we ae Ei Wor conTUaine GO THAGUEH Tia LeTERe ear cada eee eae a pees : Bors a pealshs eae ALTITUDE TIME ** CAA facilities will continue to use normal English pronunciation instead of the International pronunciation of the | ES EACH SIGMAL UNTIL YOU ARE -FOSUIYE THAT, Fett PILOT UNDERSTANDS am a aaa — eg ee nt Le Unita. —t+ numbers. BOTH ARMS VERTICAL DIP NOSE OF PLANE SEVERAL TIMES FISHTAIL PLANE You. ititude given in feet. AR - Airspace Reservation (Prohibited) C - Caution D - Danger W - Warning 6-15-52 3-12-52 | 6/6/50 Declassification Authority: NND 57565